Bathroom Behaviors Regarding Oral Hygiene Items During COVID-19 Home Isolation: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe behaviors with oral hygiene items in single-bathroom households during the domiciliary isolation of individuals with positive 'Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction' (RTPCR+) in southern Brazil. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted with Research and Monitoring Sector of COVID-19 data from Palhoça, Brazil, of individuals aged ≥18 years, living in a singlebathroom household, who had an RT-PCR positive. A link of Google Forms was used. Socio-demographic information, characteristics during the home isolation, oral hygiene, and behaviors with oral hygiene items in the bathroom were collected. Descriptive stratified analyses according to age were conducted (<40 and ≥40 years). Results: Among 524 individuals, 36% were aged ≥40 years. During isolation, according to the behaviors with oral hygiene items in the household single-bathroom, 70% (95%CI 64.9-75.5) of the youngest participants reported sharing toothbrushes in the same container and 30% (95%CI 24.4-35.1) of the oldest; use of the same toothpaste was reported by 67% (95%CI 62.8-71.7) of the youngest and 33% (95%CI 28.337.3) of the oldest participants. For the outcome of sharing the same toothpaste, the chances for the youngest and the oldest to share the same toothbrush container was 11 times and 6 times more, respectively. Conclusion: The individuals related good oral hygiene habits; however, behaviors with oral hygiene items in the bathroom were neglected, especially by the younger individuals.

Confiabilidade intra e interobservador de enfermeiro e cirurgião-dentista na avaliação e triagem das condições bucais de idosos institucionalizados / Intra- and interobserver reliability of nurses and dentists in the assessment and screening of oral conditions of institutionalized older adults

Introduction: older persons in Long-Term Care (LTC) facilities have functional impairments and a higher disease prevalence. Nurses' comprehensive assessment of older persons' health is highlighted, including using tools for screening dental treatment needs. Objective: to report the intra- and inter-observer reliability of older adults' oral health assessment in LTC facilities by video. Material and method: descriptive study, in three LTC facilities, in the Florianópolis region, Southern Brazil. Data were collected according to Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), which presents 8 categories ("lips, tongue, gums/tissues, saliva, natural teeth, dentures, dental hygiene, and toothache"), and the scores 0=healthy, 1=presence of changes (could be a need for care), 2=unhealthy (need for dental service); final score from 0 to 16. In each LTC facility, a Nurse assessed oral conditions and made a video of each older adult using a smartphone. The dentist performed the oral health assessment through the videos. Estimated Kappa test, p<0.05. Result: the sample was 34 older adults, 71% were female. Interobserver reliability between Nurses 1 and 2 and Dentist for "lips" and "natural teeth" was classified as poor and excellent/very good for toothache and denture conditions. The nurse's intraobserver reliability was classified as weak for the "natural teeth" was classified as poor and excellent/very good for toothache and denture conditions. The nurse's intraobserver reliability was classified as weak for the "natural teeth" assessment. Conclusion: the OHAT showed reliability for assessing denture conditions and pain. However, nurses' training for recognizing oral conditions that require dental care is suggested, as well as the management of this action by the dentist and LTC facilities

Introdução: idosos em Instituições de Longa Permanência (ILPIs) possuem comprometimento da capacidade funcional e maior prevalência de agravos bucais. Destaca-se o papel do profissional enfermeiro na avaliação integral do idoso inclusive com instrumentos para identificação e encaminhamento para tratamento odontológico. Objetivo: descrever a confiabilidade intra e interobservador, na avaliação da saúde bucal de idosos em ILPIs por vídeo. Material e método: estudo metodológico, em três ILPIs da Grande Florianópolis, Sul do Brasil. Foi utilizado o instrumento Avaliação da Saúde Bucal para Triagem Odontológica (ASBTO), que possui oito categorias ("lábios", "língua", "gengivas/tecidos", "saliva", "dentes naturais", "dentadura", "higiene" e "dor de dente"), segundo escores 0=saudável, 1=presença de alterações (podendo haver necessidade de atendimento), 2=não saudável (necessidade de atendimento) e escore final de 0 a 16. Um Enfermeiro, em cada ILPI, avaliou as condições bucais presencialmente e realizou vídeo com smartphone de cada idoso. Um cirurgião-dentista avaliou as condições bucais à partir desses vídeos. Foi estimado o teste de Kappa, p<0,05. Resultado: amostra de 34 idosos, 71% do sexo feminino. Confiabilidade interobservador entre os enfermeiros 1 e 2 e cirurgião-dentista para "lábios" e "dentes naturais" foi classificada como fraca e excelente/muito boa para dor de dente e condição das dentaduras segundo dois enfermeiros. Confiabilidade intraobservador dos enfermeiros foi classificada como fraca para avaliação dos "dentes naturais". Conclusão:o ASBTO mostrou-se confiável na avaliação das condições de prótese e dor, entretanto sugerese maior capacitação dos Enfermeiros para o reconhecimento de condições bucais que requerem atendimento odontológico, assim como, a gestão deste processo pelo cirurgião-dentista e ILPIs

Prevalence of Sleep Bruxism and Association with Oral Health Conditions in Schoolchildren in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of sleep bruxism and its association with oral health conditions in schoolchildren. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in public schools of Tubarão, SC, Brazil with students aged 10 to 15 years. The oral examination was performed in classrooms by dental surgeons, using the WHO criteria. Data on malocclusions, caries and dental trauma, fluorosis, bleeding gums and the presence of dental calculus were collected. For the diagnosis of bruxism, the criterion of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine was adopted. The chi-square test was used to assess the association between sleep bruxism and oral health conditions. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals were estimated by Poisson regression with robust estimator. Results: A total of 389 students were examined. The prevalence of sleep bruxism was 22.0%. Schoolchildren with malocclusion, increased overjet and dental calculus showed a statistically higher and independent prevalence of 9.0% (p=0.003), 6.0% (p=0.006) and 19.0% (p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of sleep bruxism was 22% in the study population and was associated with malocclusions, particularly increased overjet, and the presence of dental calculus.

Estudo de Prevalência das Hepatites Virais B e C no Município de Palhoça ­ SC / Prevalence of viral Hepatitis B and C in Palhoça-SC, Brazil

Este estudo objetiva descrever a prevalência das hepatites B e C no município de Palhoça entre 2008 e 2012, traçar o perfil epidemiológico e diagnosticar prováveis fontes de infecção. O estudo é descritivo baseado no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Foram encontrados 275 casos de hepatite B e C, com prevalência variando entre 14,80 (2008) e 53,93 (2010) por 100.000 habitantes, mediana de idade de 45 anos, sendo 60% do sexo masculino e 40% do feminino, das quais 6 eram gestantes. A raça branca predominou com 91,6%; 24% dos indivíduos concluíram ensino médio; 65,9% não eram vacinados contra Hepatite B; 26,9% tinham HIV/Aids; e 5% apresentaram outra DST associada. Concluiu-se que o perfil correspondeu a homens brancos acima de 40 anos, cujas fontes de transmissão para hepatite B foram tratamento cirúrgico e uso de drogas, para a Hepatite C.

This study aimed to describe the prevalence of hepatitis B and C at Palhoça in 2008-2012, trace the epidemiological profile and diagnose probable sources of infection. The study is descriptive based on the Information System of Notifiable Diseases. There were found 275 cases of hepatitis B and C, with prevalence ranging between 14.80 (2008) and 53.93(2010) per 100.000 inhabitants, with an age median of 45 years, 60% males and 40% female, of which 6 of them were pregnant. Caucasians were predominant with 91.6%; 24%-completed high school; 65.9% were not vaccinated against hepatitis B; 26.9% had HIV/Aids; and 5% had other STD associated. Concluded that the profile corresponded to over 40-yearold, caucasians men and the most related hepatitis B transmission were the surgical treatment and hepatitis C transmission were drug use.

Intrusão dos dentes anteriores / Intrusion of anterior teeth

A intrusão ortodôntica é um movimento complexo que requer grande atenção do ortodontista quanto à magnitude das forças aplicadasindependente de fatores como o tipo de dispositivo de escolha, da seleção correta do ponto de aplicação da força, da confecção de préativações ou compensação no arco base, realização de intrusão seletiva, controle dos efeitos colaterais e preparo da unidade de ancoragem. Fatores como estes apresentados asseguram uma movimentação correta sem extrusão posterior e momento, alcançando assim, o objetivo esperado para o tratamento. Esta intrusão pode ser obtida por diversos recursos, entre eles pode ser destacado o uso do arco CIA®. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um caso clínico de uma paciente que necessita de intrusão dental maxilar e mandibular, com a utilização de arcos CIA®. Os arcos CIA® empregados no tratamento desta paciente permitiram o movimento de intrusão dental anterior com sucesso e facilidade de mecânica. Ao final do tratamento foi possível afirmar que houve sucesso na intrusão dental e melhora na inclinação dos dentes para lingual. Além disso, os diastemas foram fechados sem perda de ancoragem posterior. Assim, o arco CIA® se apresentou como um meio eficiente de realizar a intrusão dos dentes anteriores.

The orthodontic intrusion is a complex movement that requires great attention of the orthodontist on the magnitude of the forces appliedregardless of such factors as the type of device of choice, the correct selection of the force point of application, making pre-activations orcompensation in arc based, selective implementation of intrusion, control of side effects and preparation of anchorage unit. Factors such as these ensure a correct movement without subsequent extrusion and moment, thus achieving the expected goal for treatment. This intrusion can be obtained by several features, among them we can mention the use of the bow CIA®. The objective of this paper is to present a clinical report of a patient who needs upper and lower dental intrusion with the use of CIA®. CIA® arches employed in treating this patient allowed the movement of anterior teeth intrusion with success and ease of mechanics. At the end of treatment we can say that the intrusion was successful and improves dental teeth inclination to lingual. In addition, the spacing was closed without loss of posterior anchorage. Thus, the arc CIA® is an efficient mean to accomplish the intrusion of anterior teeth.